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Ebony and Ivory
"Ebony and Ivory" is a 1982 number-one single by Paul McCartney and Stevie Wonder. It was released on March 29 of that year. The song is featured on McCartney's album ''Tug of War''. The song reached number one on both the UK and the U.S. charts.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.allmusic.com/artist/paul-mccartney-p4865/charts-awards/billboard-singles )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.theofficialcharts.com/artist/_/paul%20mccartney/ )〕 It reappears on McCartney's ''All the Best!'' hits compilation (1987), and also on the UK two-disc version of Wonder's ''The Definitive Collection'' greatest hits compilation (2002). In 2013, Billboard Magazine ranked the song as the 69th biggest hit of all-time on the ''Billboard'' Hot 100 charts.
==Background==
At the simplest level, the song is about the ebony (black) and ivory (white) keys on a piano, but also deals with integration and racial harmony on a deeper, human level. The title was inspired by McCartney hearing Spike Milligan say "black notes, white notes, and you need to play the two to make harmony, folks!".〔Martin, George (editor): ''Making Music'', page 62. Pan Books, 1983. ISBN 0-330-26945-3〕 The figure of speech is much older. It was popularised by James Aggrey in the 1920s, inspiring the title of the pan-African journal The Keys, but was in use from at least the 1840s.〔'Master and mistress, and neighbors, and negroes assemble, and black and white are seen strung along the great table, like the keys of a piano, and, like the aforesaid instrument, the black keys make fully as much noise as the white; all mingle for a while in the utmost harmony and good feeling....' Rev C F Sturgis, 'Duties of Christian Masters to their Slaves' (1849) quoted in Breedon, James O (editor), ''Advice among Masters: The Ideal in Slave Management in the Old South'' (Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1980), page 262.〕
Written by McCartney alone, the song was performed live in the studio by both McCartney and Wonder, though due to conflicting work schedules, both recorded their parts for the song's music video separately (as explained by McCartney in his commentary for ''The McCartney Years'' 3-DVD boxed set).
The b-side of the single, the song "Rainclouds", is written by Paul McCartney and Denny Laine, though on early pressings of the single the song was credited only to McCartney.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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